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Data
- The numerical value or information recorded in axperiment is called data
- Data obtained from the primary source or the secondary source
Primary Data
- If the data are being collected for the first time for statistical treatment, they are known as primary data.
- Data are original and have not been classified
- Eg. Data obtained by a research student in the growth rate of a fish
Secondary Data
- When the primary data used in anyother purpose they are termed as secondary data
- Eg. Data Collected by a student in the growth rate of a fish may be used by his teacher for his publications
Methods of Collecting Data
1. Direct personal interviews.
2. Indirect Oral interviews.
3. Information from correspondents.
4. Mailed questionnaire method.
5. Experimental Methods.
1. Direct personal interviews
- In this method there is a face to face contact with the person from whom the information is to be obtained
- The investigator personally meets them and asks questions to gather the necessary informations.
- If person wants to collect data about the blood group of the students of a college, he would go to the college and contact the students directly and get the information
2. Indirect Oral interviews
- In this method the investigator contact third parties to get the information
- The investigator indirectly interview the persons through their friends or neighbors
- This method is preferred if the required information is on addiction or cause of fire or theft or murder etc.
3. Information from correspondents
- The investigator appoints local agents or correspondents in different places to collect information
- The advantage of this method is that it is cheap and appropriate for extensive investigations
- Informations to Newspapers and some departments of Government come by this method.
4. Mailed questionnaire method
- This method a list of questions is prepared and is sent to all the informants by post.
- The list of questions is technically called questionnaire.
- This method is appropriate in those cases where the informants are spread over a wide area
5. Experimental Method
- In this method data are collected from the experimental results conducted in the research departments
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